The Water Dictionary

Tap Water in SO51

Your water is pumped from underground sources in the chalk from Timsbury and HorSouthern Water

Tap water in Your water is pumped from underground sources in the chalk from Timsbury and Hor, supplied by Southern Water, has the character of a chalk aquifer source, typical of southern and eastern England. It's hard water, well above the national average, with a total hardness of 328 mg/L as CaCO₃. Bicarbonate is high at 381 mg/L: this water suits dark-roasted, milk-based coffee well, but will strip the acidity from lighter roasts and pour-over brewing.


Mineral composition

mg/L
Calcium~121
Magnesium~6
Sodium11
Sulfate10
Chloride20
Bicarbonate~381
~ Estimated from hardness and ion balance — not directly measured by the water company.

Additional info

Hardness327.6 as CaCO₃
Alkalinity312 as CaCO₃
pH7.1
Conductivity633.08333 µS/cm
SourceSouthern Water
Data year2024

What this means

Kettle & appliances

Limescale is a persistent issue. Kettles fur up quickly, and boilers, dishwashers, and washing machines all accumulate scale that reduces efficiency and shortens lifespan. Water treatment (a softener, inhibitor, or filter) is strongly recommended.

Espresso

Scale is a serious concern at this level: machines need regular descaling and filtration is strongly recommended. In the cup, the water has strong opinions. Light roasts lose their acidity and origin character almost entirely. But dark-roasted, milk-based espresso can work well here. London's coffee culture developed around exactly this kind of water: strong, dark-roasted coffee served with milk, where the density and body that hard water produces become a virtue rather than a flaw.

Filter & pour-over

Hard water hits filter coffee harder than espresso because the brewing ratio gives it more influence. Lighter roasts will taste flat and indistinct; the buffering neutralises the acidity that carries fruit and floral notes. Darker roasts produce a drinkable but heavy cup. If you're brewing pour-over with water this hard, the water is the first thing to address.

Drinking & cooking

Noticeably mineral-heavy on the palate. Soap and shampoo lather poorly. Tea may develop a film on the surface (that's the calcium reacting with tannins). Cooking water may leave a chalky residue on pans.

Bicarbonate

Extremely high buffering that makes this water difficult to work with for any brewing or coffee application without significant dilution or acid treatment: mash pH will sit stubbornly high, extraction will be unbalanced, and espresso will taste flat and chalky with no discernible acidity.


Closest water profiles


Nearby areas


Data sourced from Southern Water (2024). Looking for a specific address? Look up your full postcode for the most accurate result.